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See also:
 Treatment Service Patterns and Organizational Structures

Drug Abuse Treatment and Comprehensive Services for Adolescents

Treatment services information from two national treatment studies during different decades (Treatment Outcome Prospective Study [TOPS], 1979-1981; Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Studies [DATOS], 1993-1995) were compared to establish a framework for investigating treatment process in community-based adolescent programs (Etheridge, Smith, Rounds-Bryant, & Hubbard, 2001). Core elements of treatment were identified and comprehensive services received by patients were examined.

Figure 1. Core Elements of Treatment: TOPS and DATOS-A   Figure 2. Comprehensive Services Received: TOPS and DATOS-A
[Figure 1]           [Figure 2]

Patient self-reports (TOPS n=261; DATOS n=1,519) of treatment needs and services received were examined to estimate unmet needs for six services according to type of treatment modality entered.

Figure 3. Percentage of Adolescent Patients Reporting Service Needs and Unmet Needs: TOPS and DATOS-A, ODF    Figure 4. Percentage of Adolescent Patients Reporting Service Needs and Unmet Needs: TOPS and DATOS-A, RES   Figure 5. Percentage of Adolescent Patients Reporting Service Needs and Unmet Needs: DATOS-A, STI
[Figure 3]             [Figure 4]          [Figure 5]

Key findings included:

  • Patients in DATOS-A were generally younger and more likely to be African-American, referred by the criminal justice system (in RES programs), and to have public insurance as compared to adolescents in TOPS.

  • There was a general decline over time in both service needs and services received (from TOPS to DATOS-A).

  • Unmet needs for psychological, family, employment, and financial services significantly increased over time (from TOPS to DATOS-A).


Reference

Etheridge, R.M., Smith, J.C., Rounds-Bryant, J.L., & Hubbard, R.L. (2001). Drug abuse treatment and comprehensive services for adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Research, 16(6), 563-589.  [Abstract]

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Treatment Service Patterns and Organizational Structures

Treatment service delivery profiles were created from information provided by program directors (n=24) and clients (n=1459) admitted to 11 residential and 13 outpatient programs (Delany, Broome, Flynn, & Fletcher, 2001). Programs were cluster analyzed within each modality according to their pattern of service offerings in eight domains, medical, psychological, educational, vocational, financial, legal, family, and aftercare. Program clusters were then compared on organizational and client factors including modality, capacity, staff composition, accreditation, director's academic credentials, client needs, and diversity of needs. Results for residential and outpatient programs indicated the existence of distinct service profiles related to both organizational and client factors. Major findings included:

Figure 1. Treatment Service Patterns and Organizational Structures: An Analysis of Programs in DATOS-A    Figure 2. Residential On-Site Treatment Service Patterns and Organizational Characteristics   Figure 3. Outpatient On-Site Treatment Service Patterns and Organizational Characteristics
[Figure 1]              [Figure 2]              [Figure 3]

Residential Programs contained 2 service delivery clusters, with one providing a broader service array. Programs in either cluster did not offer legal services. The more comprehensive array of service offerings included on-site aftercare and financial services, and these programs were characterized as being smaller, having fewer patient needs, and run by directors with professional degrees.

Outpatient Programs contained 3 service delivery clusters, and one had a very broad service array. None offered financial services. The most comprehensive array of service offerings included on-site educational, vocational, and legal services. These programs were characterized as being smaller, having lower staff caseloads, and having obtained national accreditation. The other 2 clusters were distinguished by whether or not they offered medical services.

Reference

Delany, P.J., Broome, K.M., Flynn, P.M., and Fetcher, B.W. (2001). Treatment service patterns and organizational structures: An analysis of programs in DATOS-A. Journal of Adolescent Research, 16(6), 590-607.  [Abstract]

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